Schlesinger- US wanted to expand
Previous presidents encouragement:
GW- "rising empire"
Adams- "destined" to occupy much land
Jefferson- "vast territory"
Madison- "extend sphere"
Monroe Doctrine- established US hegemony in the western hemisphere, no more european colonization in the americas
Trail of Tears- Native Americans tried to declare independence from US government, but was ruled unconstitutional. Jackson removed indians to Oklahoma territory.
Texas Independence- because of favorable land policies many americans moved to texas. but the mexican gov instituted strict laws (no slavery, catholicism...) and texas declared independence
General exposition: Oregon, California, Texas (1845)
Mexican American War- The US-Mexican relationship was hurt by the annexation of Texas.
Guadalupe-Hidalgo Treaty (1848)
Mexico recognizes US above the Rio Grande
Mexico ceded California + New Mexico teritory for 15 million
US assumed 3 million of debts owed to US citizens
1820 Missouri Compromise: maine came in as free, missouri as slave, no slavery north of 36 30 line
1828-1833 Nullification crisis: congress passes high tariff, south carolina nullifies it, Webster-Hayne debates discuss the issue of nullification, when another tariff is passed in 1832 SC again nullifies it, and jackson threatens to hang calhoun from a tree. Henry Clay negotiates the compromise tariff of 1833.
1850 Compromise of 1850: under millard filmore, negotiated by henry clay
california enters as free state
new fugitive slave law requires northerners to return escaped slaves
slave trade would be banished in washington DC
land taken from mexico would become new mexico and utah, they would be decided with popular sovreignty
1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act: nebraska territorywould become kansas and nebraska, both of which would be decided by popular sovreignty, this was in violation of the missouri compromise, since both neraska and kansas were north of 3630 line.
Free Soilers: political party that advocated cheap federal land, containment of slavery and internal improvements, first political candiate was john C. Fremont.
